Over exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays, primarily from the sun, is the leading cause of skin cancer. Here are essential tips and insights to help you stay safe.
Understanding UV Rays
Importantly, there are no safe UV rays (American Cancer Society). UVA rays, known as the “Aging rays”, are primarily responsible for photo aging. Photo aging is the visible signs of premature damage to the skin due to collagen and elastin degradation, which shows up as wrinkles, sagging skin and rough texture. UVB rays, known as the “Burning rays” are the primary cause of skin cancer, sunburn and hyperpigmentation.
UV exposure varies depending on several factors:
Time of Day: UV rays are strongest between 10 am and 4 pm.
Season: UV rays are more intense in spring and summer.
Altitude: According to the WHO, with increasing altitude less atmosphere is available to absorb UV radiation. With every 1000 meters (about 3280.84 ft) in altitude, UV levels increase by approximately 10%.
Cloud Cover: UV rays can penetrate clouds, so protection is necessary even on overcast days.
Surface Reflection: Water, sand, snow, and pavement can reflect UV rays, increasing exposure.
The UV Index, developed by the US National Weather Service and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), indicates the strength of UV rays on a scale from 1 to 11+. Higher numbers mean greater risk of exposure. You can check the UV Index for your area on the EPA’s website.
Use Sunscreen
Sunscreen is a critical part of your defense against UV rays and the easiest choice you can make to protect your skin. Choose a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher.
The Benefits of Zinc Oxide Sunscreen for Your Skin
While sunscreen might not be the most glamorous product in your skincare lineup, it is the most important anti-aging product you can buy. Sun exposureis responsible for around 80-90% of visible signs of aging. The good news is this is preventable. By using sunscreen daily, you can shield your skin from harmful UV rays that cause premature aging and skin damage, including fine lines, wrinkles, dark spots, collagen depletion, loss of elasticity, and rough texture. With so many different sunscreens available, finding one that you’ll use every day and that meshes well with your skin is key to maintaining good SPF habits. One of the best options is zinc oxide sunscreen according to Glo Skin Beauty.
“One of the most effective sunscreen ingredients that’s universally tolerated across all skin types and tones is zinc oxide,” explains Dr. Nina Desai, Board-Certified Dermatologist. “There are many benefits of zinc oxide. It blocks harmful UVA and UVB rays and is both photostable and water-resistant, so it won’t break down in the sun or in water.”
Zinc oxide has been used in skincare products for centuries, known for its soothing, anti-inflammatory properties. It’s a popular, well-researched ingredient in mineral or physical sunscreens. Unlike chemical sunscreens, which absorb into the skin, zinc oxide sunscreen sits on the surface and deflects the sun’s rays, providing instant protection against sun damage.
“Mineral or physical sunscreen works by laying on the surface of the skin and deflecting UV rays away from the skin like a mirror,” explains Anna De La Cruz, Glo’s Master Aesthetician. “There are only two FDA-approved mineral sunscreen ingredients: titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. By laying on the surface of the skin, there is less potential for irritation, making mineral SPFs the go-to choice for sensitive skin” (Glo Skin Beauty).
Remember, sunscreen is a filter, not a shield, so apply it generously and reapply every two hours, or more often if swimming or sweating. Don’t forget areas like your ears, neck, and lips.
Protect Your Skin Beyond Sunscreen
While sun exposure is unavoidable, especially during outdoor activities, there are several steps you can take to protect yourself: One of the simplest ways to reduce UV exposure is to stay in the shade, especially during peak hours. If your shadow is shorter than you are, the sun’s rays are at their strongest.
Wear Protective Clothing
Clothing provides a barrier against UV rays. Opt for long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and skirts made from tightly woven fabrics. Dark colors offer more protection than light colors. Some clothes are specially designed with UV protection in mind and have labels indicating their UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor) value.
Wear a Hat
A wide-brimmed hat can protect your face, ears, and neck. For added protection, choose a hat with a dark underside to reduce UV reflection. Baseball caps are less effective as they do not cover the neck and ears.
Use Sunglasses
Protect your eyes with sunglasses that block 99% to 100% of UVA and UVB rays. Look for labels indicating UV protection. Large, wraparound sunglasses are best as they prevent UV rays from entering from the sides.
Special Considerations for Children
Children’s skin is more sensitive to UV rays, and they often spend more time outdoors. Ensure they wear protective clothing, hats, and sunscreen. Babies under six months should be kept out of direct sunlight and protected with hats and clothing.
Avoid Tanning Beds
Tanning beds emit UVA and UVB rays, which can cause long-term skin damage and increase skin cancer risk. Instead, consider using sunless tanning lotions for a safer alternative (American Cancer Society).
Sun Exposure and Vitamin D
While sunlight helps the skin produce vitamin D, incidental sun exposure is enough to support the body’s need for vitamin D production.
We can also obtain this nutrient through diet and supplements. Speak to your primary care provider if you are considering supplementation.
Sun safety is essential for preventing skin cancer and protecting your skin. By seeking shade, wearing protective clothing, using sunscreen, and donning hats and sunglasses, you can enjoy the sun safely. For more information and tips on sun protection, visit the Telluride Regional Medical Center.
Stay safe and sun smart this summer!
