A colposcopy is a quick procedure that is similar to a pelvic exam. A physician uses a speculum to apply a special solution to the cervix. This solution provides better visibility of the cervix for examination purposes. If abnormalities are detected during your colposcopy, a cervical biopsy may need to be performed.

During your colposcopy, your physician will look for precancerous, abnormal cells in the tissue of your cervix. If your physician finds any suspicious abnormalities, they may choose to perform a biopsy to make a diagnosis. A cervical biopsy is not mandatory when performing a colposcopy, but it is up to the discretion of each physician. A biopsy uses a small, sharp instrument to collect a sample of the abnormal area. A cervical biopsy may cause mild discomfort, similar to menstrual cramping or pressure. The collected sample is examined to determine if there are any reasons for concern or if further treatment is necessary.